Smart Farming Boosts Herb Quality
In the sun-drenched fields of Grotte, Italy, innovation is transforming traditional farming. A cutting-edge project has combined drones, sensors, and solar-powered dryers to revolutionize the cultivation and processing of medicinal and aromatic plants like rosemary and sage. This smart farming initiative showcases how modern technology can enhance crop quality, sustainability, and profitability—especially for small-scale farmers in the Mediterranean.
Using UAVs equipped with multispectral and RGB cameras, researchers monitored plant health and determined the optimal harvesting time. By analyzing vegetation indices such as NDVI and the TCARI/OSAVI ratio, they accurately gauged chlorophyll content, a key indicator of plant vigor. This precision ensured rosemary and sage were harvested at peak quality—rosemary at full bloom and sage just before flowering.
Post-harvest, the herbs underwent a sustainable drying process using an AI-powered Smart Solar Dryer (SSD) that harnesses photovoltaic energy. Unlike traditional open-air drying, this enclosed system maintains low temperatures (around 40 °C) and low humidity (25%), preserving the plants’ aroma, color, and active compounds. Sensors embedded in the SSD relay real-time data to the cloud, optimizing drying conditions and minimizing microbial risks.
Microbiological tests confirmed the success of the process: total mesophilic microorganisms and molds were virtually eliminated, meeting international safety standards. Fresh sage and rosemary had CFU counts between 10³–10⁴/g, while dried samples showed undetectable levels.
This study proves that integrating AI, drones, and renewable energy in agriculture isn’t just a futuristic dream—it’s a present-day solution for sustainable food systems. Farmers can not only save up to USD 15,000 annually through efficient drying but also ensure higher-quality products and lower CO₂ emissions. As the demand for clean, safe, and potent herbs rises globally, these innovations light the path forward for greener agriculture.
Adapted from: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/8/810